Abstract:
We report on detailed multiwavelength observations and analysis of the very bright and long GRB 210619B, detected by the
Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor installed on the International Space Station and the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM)
on-board the Fermi mission. Our main goal is to understand the radiation mechanisms and jet composition of GRB 210619B.
With a measured redshift of z = 1.937, we find that GRB 210619B falls within the 10 most luminous bursts observed by Fermi so
far. The energy-resolved prompt emission light curve of GRB 210619B exhibits an extremely bright hard emission pulse followed
by softer/longer emission pulses. The low-energy photon index (αpt) values obtained using the time-resolved spectral analysis of
the burst suggest a transition between the thermal (during harder pulse) to non-thermal (during softer pulse) outflow. We examine
the correlation between spectral parameters and find that both peak energy and αpt exhibit the flux tracking pattern. The late time
broad-band photometric data set can be explained within the framework of the external forward shock model with νm < νc < νx
(where νm, νc, and νx are the synchrotron peak, cooling-break, and X-ray frequencies, respectively) spectral regime supporting a
rarely observed hard electron energy index (p < 2). We find moderate values of host extinction of E(B − V) = 0.14 ± 0.01 mag
for the small magellanic cloud extinction law. In addition, we also report late-time optical observations with the 10.4 m Gran
Telescopio de Canarias placing deep upper limits for the host galaxy (z = 1.937), favouring a faint, dwarf host for the burst.
